TY - JOUR
T1 - Gluconic acid aqueous solution
T2 - A bio-based catalytic medium for organic synthesis
AU - Lim, Han Yin
AU - Dolzhenko, Anton V.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, grant no. FRGS/1/2020/STG04/MUSM/02/2 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - Gluconic acid is non-toxic, non-volatile, non-corrosive, and easily biodegradable chemical, which can be produced from biomass using several methods: oxidation by molecular oxygen using heterogeneous catalysis, enzymatic oxidation, and microbial fermentation. Being highly soluble in water, gluconic acid can form concentrated aqueous solutions, and its 50% aqueous solution has found application as a catalytic medium for organic synthesis. For some reactions, gluconic acid aqueous solutions (GAAS) outperform conventional and green solvents when used as media for organic synthesis. GAAS was found to be particularly efficient in the Knoevenagel condensation, the Michael addition, and multicomponent reactions based on them. These and other chemical transformations utilizing GAAS as a medium are discussed in this review. We also compare the effectiveness of GAAS as a new green catalytic medium and the performance of other solvents and catalysts.
AB - Gluconic acid is non-toxic, non-volatile, non-corrosive, and easily biodegradable chemical, which can be produced from biomass using several methods: oxidation by molecular oxygen using heterogeneous catalysis, enzymatic oxidation, and microbial fermentation. Being highly soluble in water, gluconic acid can form concentrated aqueous solutions, and its 50% aqueous solution has found application as a catalytic medium for organic synthesis. For some reactions, gluconic acid aqueous solutions (GAAS) outperform conventional and green solvents when used as media for organic synthesis. GAAS was found to be particularly efficient in the Knoevenagel condensation, the Michael addition, and multicomponent reactions based on them. These and other chemical transformations utilizing GAAS as a medium are discussed in this review. We also compare the effectiveness of GAAS as a new green catalytic medium and the performance of other solvents and catalysts.
KW - Benign reaction medium
KW - Gluconic acid
KW - Green solvent
KW - Sustainable synthesis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104946857&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scp.2021.100443
DO - 10.1016/j.scp.2021.100443
M3 - Review Article
AN - SCOPUS:85104946857
VL - 21
JO - Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy
JF - Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy
SN - 2352-5541
M1 - 100443
ER -