TY - JOUR
T1 - Generation, Selection, and Face Validation of Items for a New Generic Measure of Quality of Life
T2 - The EQ-HWB
AU - Carlton, Jill
AU - Peasgood, Tessa
AU - Mukuria, Clara
AU - Connell, Janice
AU - Brazier, John
AU - Ludwig, Kristina
AU - Marten, Ole
AU - Kreimeier, Simone
AU - Engel, Lidia
AU - Belizán, Maria
AU - Yang, Zhihao
AU - Monteiro, Andrea
AU - Kuharic, Maja
AU - Luo, Nan
AU - Mulhern, Brendan
AU - Greiner, Wolfgang
AU - Pickard, Simon
AU - Augustovski, Federico
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding/Support: This study is independent research funded by the UK Medical Research Council (grant number 170620 ) and the EuroQol Research Foundation .
Funding Information:
The authors thank the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence for highlighting the methodological research need to the Medical Research Council that resulted in the funding call entitled “Beyond the QALY,” which led to this research being funded. The authors acknowledge the support of the National Institute for Health Research Yorkshire and Humber Applied Research Collaboration (formerly CLAHRC) and the National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network. We acknowledge the invaluable contributions of members of the project steering group, advisory group, and public and patient involvement and engagement groups and Julie Johnson for project administration. We also thank members of the EuroQol Group Association for their input at plenary and academy meetings and the EuroQol office for their support. Finally, the authors acknowledge the contribution of all the patients, social care users, and informal carers who took part in all the studies across the different country.
Funding Information:
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Drs Carlton, Peasgood, Mukuria, Brazier, Ludwig, Marten, Kreimeier, Engel, Belizán, Yang, Luo, Grenier, and Mulhern and Mses Connell, Monteiro, and Kuharic reported receiving grants from the EuroQol Research Foundation during the conduct of the study. Drs Peasgood, Mukuria, Brazier, Ludwig, Marten, Kreimeier, Engel, Yang, Luo, Mulhern, and Grenier reported being members of the EuroQol Research Association. Drs Mukuria and Brazier reported receiving grants from the EuroQol Research Foundation outside the submitted work. Dr Brazier reported receiving grants from the UK Medical Research Council during the conduct of the study and reported receiving grants and personal fees and previously being a member of the EQ Group Executive outside the submitted work and having a patent for SF-6D and SF-6Dv2 with royalties paid to the University of Sheffield. Drs Ludwig, Marten, Kreimeier, Engel, and Grenier reported receiving nonfinancial support from the EuroQol Research Foundation during the conduct of the study. Miss Kuharic reported receiving a fellowship from Takeda Pharmaceuticals fellowship for her graduate studies outside the submitted work. Dr Luo reported receiving personal fees from the EuroQol Research Foundation outside the submitted work. Drs Mulhern and Luo are editors for Value in Health and had no role in the peer-review process of this article. Drs Pickard and Augustovski reported receiving a grant payment to the institution (university) from the EuroQol Research Foundation. No other disclosures were reported. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and not necessarily of our funders, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the Department of Health and Social Care, or those acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Objectives: This article aims to describe the generation and selection of items (stage 2) and face validation (stage 3) of a large international (multilingual) project to develop a new generic measure, the EQ-HWB (EQ Health and Wellbeing), for use in economic evaluation across health, social care, and public health to estimate quality-adjusted life-years. Methods: Items from commonly used generic, carer, social care, and mental health quality of life measures were mapped onto domains or subdomains identified from a literature review. Potential terms and items were reviewed and refined to ensure coverage of the construct of the domains/subdomain (stage 2). Input on the potential item pool, response options, and recall period was sought from 3 key stakeholder groups. The pool of candidate items was tested in qualitative interviews with potential future users in an international face validation study (stage 3). Results: Stage 2 resulted in the generation of 687 items. Predetermined selection criteria were applied by the research team resulting in 598 items being dropped, leaving 89 items that were reviewed by key stakeholder groups. Face validation (stage 3) tested 97 draft items and 4 response scales. A total of 47 items were retained and 14 were modified, whereas 3 were added to the candidate pool of items. This resulted in a 64-item set. Conclusions: This international multiculture, multilingual study with a common methodology identified many items that performed well across all countries. These were taken to the psychometric testing along with modified and new items for the EQ-HWB.
AB - Objectives: This article aims to describe the generation and selection of items (stage 2) and face validation (stage 3) of a large international (multilingual) project to develop a new generic measure, the EQ-HWB (EQ Health and Wellbeing), for use in economic evaluation across health, social care, and public health to estimate quality-adjusted life-years. Methods: Items from commonly used generic, carer, social care, and mental health quality of life measures were mapped onto domains or subdomains identified from a literature review. Potential terms and items were reviewed and refined to ensure coverage of the construct of the domains/subdomain (stage 2). Input on the potential item pool, response options, and recall period was sought from 3 key stakeholder groups. The pool of candidate items was tested in qualitative interviews with potential future users in an international face validation study (stage 3). Results: Stage 2 resulted in the generation of 687 items. Predetermined selection criteria were applied by the research team resulting in 598 items being dropped, leaving 89 items that were reviewed by key stakeholder groups. Face validation (stage 3) tested 97 draft items and 4 response scales. A total of 47 items were retained and 14 were modified, whereas 3 were added to the candidate pool of items. This resulted in a 64-item set. Conclusions: This international multiculture, multilingual study with a common methodology identified many items that performed well across all countries. These were taken to the psychometric testing along with modified and new items for the EQ-HWB.
KW - EQ-HWB
KW - face validity
KW - interviews
KW - item selection
KW - quality of life
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122944223&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jval.2021.12.007
DO - 10.1016/j.jval.2021.12.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 35227597
AN - SCOPUS:85122944223
SN - 1098-3015
VL - 25
SP - 512
EP - 524
JO - Value in Health
JF - Value in Health
IS - 4
ER -
