GenAI and student learning: scaffolding critical thinking or shortcuts to success?

Focus: This research explores the use of Generative AI (GenAI) in assessments among business students, evaluating its impact on learning practices, ethical concerns, and authentic assessment. Background/context: The integration of AI in higher education has prompted significant debates about its potential to enhance learning while raising concerns about its effects on cognitive development and authentic learning experiences (Al Shloul et al., 2024). This study, framed within a constructivist perspective, investigates how GenAI tools influence students’ abilities to engage in deep learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving (Biggs & Tang, 2011). Description: This qualitative study explores business students' use of GenAI tools in assessment tasks through nine focus groups. Students discussed their motivations, perceived benefits, drawbacks, and ethical concerns regarding AI-generated content. The findings contribute to understanding the growing reliance on digital tools and AI in education (Crompton & Burke, 2023). Method: Thematic analysis was employed to examine the focus group data, identifying key themes around students’ experiences with GenAI in assessments. Evidence: The findings reveal a nuanced relationship between students and GenAI. While it enhanced efficiency in tasks like summarization, it reduced engagement with the material, with students often using it to validate ideas rather than generate new insights. GenAI was found ineffective in fostering higher-order thinking, critical for authentic assessments. Students raised concerns about the loss of originality and potential risks to academic integrity. Contribution: This research emphasises the need for AI-resilient assessments that foster critical thinking and originality. It advocates for AI as a scaffolding tool that supports cognitive skill development, guiding students through complex problem-solving rather than serving as a shortcut. By embedding AI-driven scaffolding, assessments can be redefined to deepen learning while maintaining academic integrity. Engagement: This presentation will facilitate discussion on how GenAI can scaffold assessments to deepen learning, guiding students through critical thinking and problem-solving.