Feedback Regulation by Inhibins A and B of the Pituitary Secretion of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

Inhibins A and B are gonadal factors that negatively regulate FSH synthesis by the anterior pituitary. Across the menstrual cycle, women show a strong inverse correlation between circulating FSH and inhibin B, estradiol, and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), but not with inhibin A. Estradiol is believed to provide a tonic inhibitory effect while the inhibitory role of AMH is unknown. In human males, inhibin B is the primary testicular factor regulating FSH with limited effects by gonadal steroids. In vitro and in vivo studies in rats indicate that inhibin B is more biologically active than inhibin A but showed a lower affinity for the activin type II receptors and the co-receptor, betaglycan, suggesting an alternative mechanism. While this review reinforces the important role inhibin plays in regulating FSH, the observed differences in mode of action of inhibins A and B and their interplay with other gonadal factors are still poorly understood.