TY - JOUR
T1 - Exploring alkyl-diamine chain length effects on electrochemical behavior of AuNPs fabricated electrodes
T2 - Influence of linkers on the sensitive detection of hydrazine
AU - Muthukrishnan, Karmegam
AU - Sinduja, Bharathi
AU - Wadaan, Mohammad Ahmad
AU - Gowthaman, N. S.K.
AU - John, S. Abraham
AU - Sethuraman, Mathur Gopalakrishnan
N1 - Funding Information:
N.S.K. Gowthaman is thankful to the Internal Research Grant (STG-00057) from Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia. The authors express their sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2024R466) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Funding Information:
N.S.K. Gowthaman is thankful to the Internal Research Grant ( STG-00057 ) from Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia. The authors express their sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project Number ( RSP2024R466 ) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
PY - 2024/4/20
Y1 - 2024/4/20
N2 - In this electrochemical exploration, we scrutinized the influence of alkyl-diamine (AD) chain length as crucial linkers between glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) and citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (Cit-AuNPs), focusing on their conductive behavior and sensing proficiency, particularly in hydrazine detection. Meticulous examination of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed by three distinct ADs, namely 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA), 1,8-octanediamine (ODA) and 1,10-decanediamine (DDA) unfolded over GC surfaces revealed a precise adherence to Langmuir adsorption kinetics during the SAM formation process. Utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the electrochemical activity of the [Ru(NH₃)₆]³⁺/²⁺ redox pair at electrodes modified with ADs was investigated. The proposed mechanism involves a Michael-like nucleophilic addition process at the GC surface/diamine solution interface during the SAM formation. Analysis across various techniques underscored the compact nature of the DDA-formed SAM in comparison to HDA and ODA. Exploiting the free amine functional groups on the SAMs, the as-synthesized Cit-AuNPs were attached on the electrode surface and investigated comprehensively through CV, EIS, attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Remarkably, Cit-AuNPs attached DDA-SAM/GC electrode offered superior electro active surface area, establishing an advanced electrochemical platform for carcinogenic hydrazine determination. The DDA/Cit-AuNPs electrode demonstrated a linear determination range of 0.003–1 mM, limits of detection at 11 nM, and sensitivity of 1080 µA mM−1 cm−2. This study gives a complete picture of how AD chain lengths, SAM formation, Cit-AuNPs attachment, and electrocatalytic performance work together to make an advanced electrochemical sensing scaffold for environmental pollutants determination.
AB - In this electrochemical exploration, we scrutinized the influence of alkyl-diamine (AD) chain length as crucial linkers between glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) and citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (Cit-AuNPs), focusing on their conductive behavior and sensing proficiency, particularly in hydrazine detection. Meticulous examination of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed by three distinct ADs, namely 1,6-hexanediamine (HDA), 1,8-octanediamine (ODA) and 1,10-decanediamine (DDA) unfolded over GC surfaces revealed a precise adherence to Langmuir adsorption kinetics during the SAM formation process. Utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the electrochemical activity of the [Ru(NH₃)₆]³⁺/²⁺ redox pair at electrodes modified with ADs was investigated. The proposed mechanism involves a Michael-like nucleophilic addition process at the GC surface/diamine solution interface during the SAM formation. Analysis across various techniques underscored the compact nature of the DDA-formed SAM in comparison to HDA and ODA. Exploiting the free amine functional groups on the SAMs, the as-synthesized Cit-AuNPs were attached on the electrode surface and investigated comprehensively through CV, EIS, attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Remarkably, Cit-AuNPs attached DDA-SAM/GC electrode offered superior electro active surface area, establishing an advanced electrochemical platform for carcinogenic hydrazine determination. The DDA/Cit-AuNPs electrode demonstrated a linear determination range of 0.003–1 mM, limits of detection at 11 nM, and sensitivity of 1080 µA mM−1 cm−2. This study gives a complete picture of how AD chain lengths, SAM formation, Cit-AuNPs attachment, and electrocatalytic performance work together to make an advanced electrochemical sensing scaffold for environmental pollutants determination.
KW - Aliphatic diamines
KW - Citrate-capped AuNPs
KW - Electroactive surface area
KW - Hydrazine sensor
KW - Langmuir adsorption kinetics
KW - Michael's-like nucleophilic addition
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85186466952
U2 - 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.133501
DO - 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.133501
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85186466952
SN - 0927-7757
VL - 687
JO - Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
JF - Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
M1 - 133501
ER -