@article{8d034d9d7ed14f1880cc8a2a677ef563,
title = "Evaluation of antibacterial property and greywater treatment performance using composite chitosan/graphene oxide membrane",
abstract = "In this study, composite chitosan/graphene oxide (CSGO) membrane was fabricated through solution casting method using chitosan (CS) and graphene oxide (GO) for its application in bathroom greywater (GW) treatment. The characteristics of CSGO membrane were also evaluated in terms of its physical and molecular structure. It was noted that the blending of hydrophilic GO into CS polymer matrix successfully improved the water flux permeation of all CSGO membrane. Low loading of GO with added porosity, 0.25CSGO(II) has significant improvement in water flux permeation of 23.43 kg/m2h at 4 bars as compared to CS only 2.82 kg/m2h due to the presence of GO that improved the membrane hydrophilicity and permeability. Besides that, composite CSGO membrane has excellent GW treatment efficiency compared to CS membrane where additional 18% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was observed in 0.25CSGO(II) membrane. In addition, all CSGO membranes produced treated GW quality of pH 6–9.5, turbidity<5NTU, TSS<10 mg/L and non-detectable level of pathogen. The findings in this study set as a pioneer breakthrough with potential application of composite CSGO membrane in producing excellent treated GW quality that meets the reuse standard for non-potable applications.",
keywords = "Chitosan, Composite membrane, Filtration, Graphene oxide, Greywater",
author = "Sathishkumar Nalatambi and Oh, {Kai Siang} and Yoon, {Li Wan} and Tee, {Lee Hong}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Taylor's University on funding this research work under Taylor's Research Grant Scheme ( TRGS/ERFS/2/2018/SOE/001 ). Funding Information: There are multiple approaches have been explored in fabrication of CSGO based membrane either it exists as core component or utilized as surface modifier [ 29–31]. For instance, Salehi et al. [32] fabricated hydrophilic support layer of sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES)/PES through phase inversion approach and the active layer with CSGO where SPES/PES immersed in CS and GO solution separately. Another study have utilized CSGO as surface modifier to polyamide (PA) and additional component of polysulfone (PSF) and reinforcing polymer fabric added to avoid adsorption of CSGO onto PA supporting layer [33]. These studies have successfully incorporated CSGO membrane in water treatment process but still relied on synthetic polymer as the supporting material. In addition, a couple of study have developed CSGO composite membrane for adsorptive process where targeted removal was done on Pb2+ ion [34] and methylene blue dye [35]. On the other hand, glutaraldehyde crosslinked CSGO composite has been fabricated solid phase extraction of pesticide removal [25]. Minimal studies have developed CSGO composite membrane for water treatment through water filtration [36,37]. However, requirement on deposition of CSGO on synthetic polymer such as PVDF still remains a challenge [37]. In addition, fabrication of CSGO composite with high ratio of 5 CS:1 GO has led to dense membrane formation which has affected the water flux severely at 2–4.5 L/m2h at 13.8–41.4 bar [36]. In this study, we explore the possibility of fabricating CSGO composite membrane directly without additional supporting material and crosslinker for GW treatment through pressure driven water filtration.The authors would like to thank Taylor's University on funding this research work under Taylor's Research Grant Scheme (TRGS/ERFS/2/2018/SOE/001). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier B.V.",
year = "2023",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.matchemphys.2022.127160",
language = "English",
volume = "295",
journal = "Materials Chemistry and Physics",
issn = "0254-0584",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}