Evaluating the effectiveness of four Asia-Pacific national human rights institutions by reference to Ruggies's third pillar

The Protect, Respect and Remedy Framework ( Framework ) and its associated guiding principles seeks to provide guidance for the human rights responsibilities of business. The Framework rests on three pillars, first - the states duty to protect human rights, second - the responsibility of business to respect human rights and third- the states responsibility to provide remedies for human rights abuses by business. This Article focuses on the third pillar - the states duty to provide a remedy. The guiding principles operationalizing the Framework suggest state-based non-judicial grievance mechanisms should form the foundation of a wider system of remedies and further suggest criteria for determining the effectiveness of such mechanisms. This Article considers four Asia-Pacific national human rights institutions as examples of state-based non-judicial grievance mechanisms and evaluates their effectiveness to remedy human rights abuses by business, by reference to the effectiveness criteria set out in the guiding principles.