Enthodelial lipase: structure, functions and role in diseases

Eng Tong Phuah, Yee Ying Lee, Teck Kim Tang, Oi Ming Lai

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter (Book)Research

Abstract

Endothelial lipase (EL) is a recent identified member of the lipase gene family. It exhibits a high degree of sequence similarity to lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL). In contrast to other major human lipases, EL is only synthesized and expressed by the endothelial cells in a variety of different tissues. It displays phospholipase A1 activity, catalyzing primarily on the hydrolysis of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) phospholipids and facilitates the clearance of HDL from the circulation. Research carried out in the past two decades investigated the physiological role of EL in modulating the HDL metabolism. Increased plasma EL concentrations have been found to be associated with a deteriorated lipoprotein-lipid profile. Elevated plasma triacylglycerol, apolipoprotein-B (apoB) concentrations and smaller low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size were observed in parallel with increasing EL expression. Positive correlation between plasma EL levels and proinflammatory cytokine concentrations including tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-A) and interleukin-1 beta ((IL)-1ß) was observed among individuals with metabolic syndrome, suggesting the possible role of EL in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, the effect of EL on human health remains to be a subject of debate and some controversial results were reported in the previous literatures. The present chapter therefore summarizes the recent findings with regard to the molecular structure and biological mechanisms of EL, factors affecting the EL expression and activity as well as its role in some inflammatory disorders.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationLipases
Subtitle of host publicationStructure, Functions and Role in Health and Disease
EditorsHannes Broeken
Place of PublicationNew York NY USA
PublisherNova Science Publishers
Chapter1
Pages1-27
Number of pages27
Edition1st
ISBN (Electronic)9781536137729
ISBN (Print)9781536137736
Publication statusPublished - 2018

Publication series

NameCELL BIOLOGY RESEARCH PROGRESS

Keywords

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Enthodelial lipase
  • High-density lipoprotein
  • Reverse cholesterol transport
  • Triacylglycerol

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