TY - JOUR
T1 - Does rearranging meal times at night improve cardiovascular risk factors? An Australian pilot randomised trial in night shift workers
AU - Leung, Gloria K.W.
AU - Davis, Rochelle
AU - Huggins, Catherine E.
AU - Ware, Robert S.
AU - Bonham, Maxine P.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Heart Foundation (Australia) Vanguard Grant [Grant number 101381 ]. G.K.W.L and R.D were supported by Australian Government RTP Scholarship . G.K.W.L was supported by the King and Amy O'Malley Trust Scholarship .
Funding Information:
The authors would like to sincerely thank the National Heart Foundation for funding this research. We would also like to thank Dr Nina Eikelis (Swinburne University of Technology, Australia) for the biochemical analysis of insulin samples. We would like to express appreciation to University of Ulster (Northern Ireland) placement student Jenny Robinson, for her assistance with day-to-day running of the study. Lastly, we would like to thank all the participants who devoted time and effort to complete the study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/6/7
Y1 - 2021/6/7
N2 - Background and aims: Shift workers face an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes and obesity. Eating during the night is a likely contributing factor, as it coincides with the time at which postprandial metabolism is least efficient. In this pilot randomised crossover trial, we examine the effects of a short overnight fast on CVD risk markers (primarily postprandial triglyceride and glucose response) of night shift workers. Methods and results: Night shift workers with abdominal obesity underwent 4-week intervention and control periods, separated by ≥ 2 weeks washout. In the intervention period, an overnight fast (0100 h–0600 h) was implemented, by redistributing 24-h energy intake. Usual dietary habits were followed in the control period. Outcomes between intervention and control were compared using mixed effects linear regression models. Nineteen adults completed the trial [13 females, mean (±SD) age 41 ± 10 years, BMI 30.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2]. Postprandial triglyceride and glucose response post intervention were not different to post control. The overnight fast was well-tolerated by participants with an adherence rate of 95%, assessed by weekly 24-h dietary recalls. Exploratory analysis indicates lower mean body weight post intervention compared to post control (mean difference: −0.9 kg, 95% CI: −1.3 to −0.4). Conclusions: Night shift workers who habitually ate during their night shifts were able to rearrange their meal times to maintain a small overnight fast, which may have promoted small weight changes. This warrants further investigation into the role of meal timing in mitigating the metabolic consequences of night shift work. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (http://anzctr.org.au/) registered on the 30th May 2017 (ACTRN12617000791336).
AB - Background and aims: Shift workers face an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes and obesity. Eating during the night is a likely contributing factor, as it coincides with the time at which postprandial metabolism is least efficient. In this pilot randomised crossover trial, we examine the effects of a short overnight fast on CVD risk markers (primarily postprandial triglyceride and glucose response) of night shift workers. Methods and results: Night shift workers with abdominal obesity underwent 4-week intervention and control periods, separated by ≥ 2 weeks washout. In the intervention period, an overnight fast (0100 h–0600 h) was implemented, by redistributing 24-h energy intake. Usual dietary habits were followed in the control period. Outcomes between intervention and control were compared using mixed effects linear regression models. Nineteen adults completed the trial [13 females, mean (±SD) age 41 ± 10 years, BMI 30.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2]. Postprandial triglyceride and glucose response post intervention were not different to post control. The overnight fast was well-tolerated by participants with an adherence rate of 95%, assessed by weekly 24-h dietary recalls. Exploratory analysis indicates lower mean body weight post intervention compared to post control (mean difference: −0.9 kg, 95% CI: −1.3 to −0.4). Conclusions: Night shift workers who habitually ate during their night shifts were able to rearrange their meal times to maintain a small overnight fast, which may have promoted small weight changes. This warrants further investigation into the role of meal timing in mitigating the metabolic consequences of night shift work. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (http://anzctr.org.au/) registered on the 30th May 2017 (ACTRN12617000791336).
KW - Circadian misalignment
KW - Meal timing
KW - Night eating
KW - Postprandial glucose
KW - Postprandial triglyceride
KW - Shift work
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105739692&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.008
DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 33994064
AN - SCOPUS:85105739692
SN - 0939-4753
VL - 31
SP - 1890
EP - 1902
JO - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
JF - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
IS - 6
ER -