DNA methylation of ITGB2 contributes to allopurinol hypersensitivity

Yu Liu, Chuang-Wei Wang, Chun-Bing Chen, Kuang-Hui Yu, Yeong-Jian Wu, Siew-Eng Choon, Wan-Chun Chang, Fanping Yang, Xiao-Qun Luo, Wen-Hung Chung, Ming Zhao, Qian-Jin Lu

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3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Backgrounds: HLA-B*58:01 allele was strongly associated with allopurinol induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction (SCAR). However, HLA-B genotype is not sufficient to predict the occurrence of allopurinol-induced SCAR. Objective: To discover DNA methylation markers for allopurinol-induced SCAR which may improve the prediction accuracy of genetic testing. Study design: The study was designed as a retrospective case-control clinical study in multicenter hospitals across Taiwan, Mainland China, Malaysia and Canada. 125 cases of allopurinol-induced SCAR patients and 139 cases of allopurinol tolerant controls were enrolled in this study during 2005 to 2021. Results: The results of genome-wide DNA methylation assay of 62 patients revealed that ITGB2 showed strong discriminative ability of allopurinol-induced SCAR in both HLA-B*58:01 positive and negative patients with AUC value of 0.9364 (95% CI 0.8682–1.000). In validation study, significant hypermethylation of ITGB2 were further validated in allopurinol-induced SCAR patients compared to tolerant controls, especially in those without HLA-B*58:01(AUC value of 0.8814 (95% CI 0.7121–1.000)). Additionally, the methylation levels of 2 sites on ITGB2 were associated with SCAR phenotypes. Combination of HLA-B*58:01 genotyping and ITGB2 methylation status could improve the prediction accuracy of allopurinol-induced SCAR with the AUC value up to 0.9387 (95% CI 0.9089–0.9684), while the AUC value of HLA-B*58:01 genotyping alone was 0.8557 (95% CI 0.8030–0.9083). Conclusions: Our study uncovers differentially methylated genes between allopurinol-induced SCAR patients and tolerant controls with positive or negative HLA-B*58:01 allele and provides the novel epigenetic marker that improves the prediction accuracy of genetic testing for prevention of allopurinol-induced SCAR.

Original languageEnglish
Article number109250
Number of pages9
JournalClinical Immunology
Volume248
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2023

Keywords

  • Allopurinol
  • Drug hypersensitivity
  • Genome-wide DNA methylation
  • HLA-B*58:01
  • ITGB2
  • Severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction

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