TY - JOUR
T1 - Dithiols enhance the photovoltaic performance and stability of perovskite solar cells and modules by elongating the carrier lifetime
AU - Hu, Min
AU - Gao, Biao
AU - Wang, Yulong
AU - Xie, Zuowen
AU - Cai, Fengyi
AU - Zhang, Yuxi
AU - Wu, Bing
AU - Zhao, Jie
AU - Liu, Kan
AU - Lu, Jianfeng
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2022CFB1000), State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures (Wuhan University of Technology: SYSJJ2021-10), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52002302, 22075221, 919632095), Key Research and Development Project of Shanxi Province (202202060301003), and the Project of China Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. (2022-MS002).
Funding Information:
This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2022CFB1000), State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures (Wuhan University of Technology: SYSJJ2021-10), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52002302, 22075221, 919632095), Key Research and Development Project of Shanxi Province (202202060301003), and the Project of China Coal Industry Group Co. Ltd. (2022-MS002).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/10
Y1 - 2023/10
N2 - Metal-halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit outstanding efficiencies when fabricated as mm-sized cells, but the fabrication of high-performing larger-area modules presents a challenge. Emerging evidence suggests the serious recombination reaction caused by the limited carrier lifetime is the bottleneck, because we lack effective strategy to deposit large-area perovskite film with sufficient long carrier lifetime. Herein, we report on a strategy of modulating the formation of perovskite film on larger-area substrates via introducing alkyl dithiol additives. Among the dithiols with different lengths, we find hexane-1,6-dithiol can effectively elongate carrier lifetime of perovskite film from 1.5 to 7.6 μs, which is due to the suppression of the formation of inactive PbI2 and hexagonal δH phase, along with the enlarged grain size. As a result, we improved the efficiency of solar cells (0.16 cm2) from 21.8% to 23.5%, as well as 16.9%–18.1% for the mini-modules (10.0 cm2). More importantly, the modified modules retained 92% of their initial efficiencies after 500-h aging under ambient condition without encapsulation (ISOS-D-1). This dithiol additive strategy shows great promise for pursuing high-performance PSCs.
AB - Metal-halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit outstanding efficiencies when fabricated as mm-sized cells, but the fabrication of high-performing larger-area modules presents a challenge. Emerging evidence suggests the serious recombination reaction caused by the limited carrier lifetime is the bottleneck, because we lack effective strategy to deposit large-area perovskite film with sufficient long carrier lifetime. Herein, we report on a strategy of modulating the formation of perovskite film on larger-area substrates via introducing alkyl dithiol additives. Among the dithiols with different lengths, we find hexane-1,6-dithiol can effectively elongate carrier lifetime of perovskite film from 1.5 to 7.6 μs, which is due to the suppression of the formation of inactive PbI2 and hexagonal δH phase, along with the enlarged grain size. As a result, we improved the efficiency of solar cells (0.16 cm2) from 21.8% to 23.5%, as well as 16.9%–18.1% for the mini-modules (10.0 cm2). More importantly, the modified modules retained 92% of their initial efficiencies after 500-h aging under ambient condition without encapsulation (ISOS-D-1). This dithiol additive strategy shows great promise for pursuing high-performance PSCs.
KW - Dithiol additive
KW - Larger area perovskite device
KW - Long carrier lifetime
KW - Operational stability
KW - Perovskite grain size
KW - Recombination reaction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170233290&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101392
DO - 10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101392
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85170233290
SN - 2468-6069
VL - 37
JO - Materials Today Energy
JF - Materials Today Energy
M1 - 101392
ER -