Direct numerical simulation of an equilibrium adverse pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer at the verge of separation

The statistics and structure of a self-similar equilibrium adverse pressure gradient (APG) turbulent boundary layer (TBL) are investigated using a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the flow at the verge of separation. Flow simulations are performed using the DNS TBL code of Simens et al. [8] and Borrell et al. [1] with the desired equilibrium APG achieved via the use of a tailored far-field boundary condition. The APG TBL develops over a momentum thickness based Reynolds number of Re_θ ≈ 2000 to 6000, achieving a region of constant friction coefficient (C_f), pressure velocity (up) and shape factor (H). One- and two-point statistics are presented under both inner wall (uτ) and pressure velocity (up) based scaling.