Cutting Edge: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Robust Germinal Center Activity in the Human Tonsil

Hyon Xhi Tan; Kathleen M. Wragg; Hannah G. Kelly; Robyn Esterbauer; Benjamin J. Dixon; Jillian S.Y. Lau; Katie L. Flanagan; Carolien E. van de Sandt; Katherine Kedzierska; James H. McMahon; Adam K. Wheatley; Jennifer A. Juno; Stephen J. Kent

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2101199

Cutting Edge: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Robust Germinal Center Activity in the Human Tonsil

Hyon Xhi Tan, Kathleen M. Wragg, Hannah G. Kelly, Robyn Esterbauer, Benjamin J. Dixon, Jillian S.Y. Lau, Katie L. Flanagan, Carolien E. van de Sandt, Katherine Kedzierska, James H. McMahon, Adam K. Wheatley, Jennifer A. Juno, Stephen J. Kent

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yielded >3 million cells for flow cytometric analysis in 17 subjects. Total and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific germinal center B cells, and T follicular helper cells, were readily detectable in human tonsils early after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as assessed by flow cytometry. Responses were higher in samples within 2 mo of infection but still detectable in some subjects out to 7 mo following infection. We conclude the tonsils are a secondary lymphoid organ that develop germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could play a role in the long-term development of immunity.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2267-2271
Number of pages	5
Journal	Journal of Immunology
Volume	208
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2101199
Publication status	Published - 15 May 2022

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Tan, H. X., Wragg, K. M., Kelly, H. G., Esterbauer, R., Dixon, B. J., Lau, J. S. Y., Flanagan, K. L., van de Sandt, C. E., Kedzierska, K., McMahon, J. H., Wheatley, A. K., Juno, J. A., & Kent, S. J. (2022). Cutting Edge: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Robust Germinal Center Activity in the Human Tonsil. Journal of Immunology, 208(10), 2267-2271. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2101199

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title = "Cutting Edge: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Robust Germinal Center Activity in the Human Tonsil",

abstract = "Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yielded >3 million cells for flow cytometric analysis in 17 subjects. Total and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific germinal center B cells, and T follicular helper cells, were readily detectable in human tonsils early after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as assessed by flow cytometry. Responses were higher in samples within 2 mo of infection but still detectable in some subjects out to 7 mo following infection. We conclude the tonsils are a secondary lymphoid organ that develop germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could play a role in the long-term development of immunity.",

author = "Tan, {Hyon Xhi} and Wragg, {Kathleen M.} and Kelly, {Hannah G.} and Robyn Esterbauer and Dixon, {Benjamin J.} and Lau, {Jillian S.Y.} and Flanagan, {Katie L.} and {van de Sandt}, {Carolien E.} and Katherine Kedzierska and McMahon, {James H.} and Wheatley, {Adam K.} and Juno, {Jennifer A.} and Kent, {Stephen J.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.",

year = "2022",

month = may,

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doi = "10.4049/jimmunol.2101199",

language = "English",

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AU - Dixon, Benjamin J.

AU - Lau, Jillian S.Y.

AU - Flanagan, Katie L.

AU - van de Sandt, Carolien E.

AU - Kedzierska, Katherine

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AU - Kent, Stephen J.

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AB - Understanding the generation of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoid tissues draining the site of infection has implications for immunity to SARS-CoV-2. We performed tonsil biopsies under local anesthesia in 19 subjects who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection 24-225 d previously. The biopsies yielded >3 million cells for flow cytometric analysis in 17 subjects. Total and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific germinal center B cells, and T follicular helper cells, were readily detectable in human tonsils early after SARS-CoV-2 infection, as assessed by flow cytometry. Responses were higher in samples within 2 mo of infection but still detectable in some subjects out to 7 mo following infection. We conclude the tonsils are a secondary lymphoid organ that develop germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could play a role in the long-term development of immunity.

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Cutting Edge: SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Robust Germinal Center Activity in the Human Tonsil

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