TY - JOUR
T1 - Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
T2 - Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential of Human Amniotic Stem Cells
AU - Al Mushafi, Ahmed
AU - Ooi, Joshua D.
AU - Odobasic, Dragana
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Al Mushafi, Ooi and Odobasic.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/10/15
Y1 - 2021/10/15
N2 - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the second leading cause of CKD resulting in end stage renal failure. The most severe and rapidly progressive type of GN is characterized by glomerular crescent formation. The current therapies for crescentic GN, which consist of broad immunosuppressive drugs, are partially effective, non-specific, toxic and cause many serious side effects including infections, cancer, and cardiovascular problems. Therefore, new and safer therapies are needed. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are a type of stem cell which are isolated from the placenta after birth. They represent an attractive and novel therapeutic option for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions owing to their unique and selective immunosuppressive ability, as well as their excellent safety profile and clinical applicability. In this review, we will discuss the immunopathogenesis of crescentic GN, issues with currently available treatments and how hAECs offer potential to become a new and harmless treatment option for this condition.
AB - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the second leading cause of CKD resulting in end stage renal failure. The most severe and rapidly progressive type of GN is characterized by glomerular crescent formation. The current therapies for crescentic GN, which consist of broad immunosuppressive drugs, are partially effective, non-specific, toxic and cause many serious side effects including infections, cancer, and cardiovascular problems. Therefore, new and safer therapies are needed. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are a type of stem cell which are isolated from the placenta after birth. They represent an attractive and novel therapeutic option for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions owing to their unique and selective immunosuppressive ability, as well as their excellent safety profile and clinical applicability. In this review, we will discuss the immunopathogenesis of crescentic GN, issues with currently available treatments and how hAECs offer potential to become a new and harmless treatment option for this condition.
KW - chronic kidney disease
KW - crescentic glomerulonephritis
KW - human amniotic stem cells
KW - immunity
KW - inflammation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118295107&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fphys.2021.724186
DO - 10.3389/fphys.2021.724186
M3 - Review Article
C2 - 34721059
AN - SCOPUS:85118295107
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 12
JO - Frontiers in Physiology
JF - Frontiers in Physiology
M1 - 724186
ER -