Correlation between overactive bladder symptoms and quality of life in Japanese male patients: Focus on nocturia

Objective: To elucidate the effects of nocturia, one of the most bothersome of symptoms, on health-related quality of life (QOL), we examined the correlation between nocturia-specific QOL and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Methods: Patients who visited our hospital complaining of LUTS were assessed retrospectively. A total of 259 men with LUTS answered the following questionnaires: International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), Nocturia QOL questionnaire (NQOL), and the Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Impact Index (BII). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between NQOL total score and NQOL subdomain scores of sleep/energy and bother/concern and scores of other questionnaires. We then compared NQOL score in patients with or without OAB symptoms. Results: The NQOL total score correlated significantly not only with IPSS total, IPSS storage symptoms, IPSS voiding symptoms, and QOL index but also with the OABSS and BII scores. The NQOL total score was significantly higher in the non-OAB vs OAB patients, indicating that OAB may deteriorate QOL as it relates to nocturia. In nocturia subgroups 0 to 2 (mild nocturia), NQOL score was significantly higher in non-OAB than in OAB patients, whereas in the nocturia subgroups 3 to 5 (severe nocturia), NQOL score was not significantly different between non-OAB and OAB patients. Conclusion: The NQOL total score correlated significantly with IPSS, OABSS, and BII scores. Symptoms of OAB and bother due to benign prostatic hyperplasia might affect QOL in patients with nocturia.