TY - JOUR
T1 - Control of GnRH secretion: One step back
AU - Clarke, Iain J
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - The reproductive system is controlled by gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the brain, which is finely modulated by a number of factors including gonadal sex steroids. GnRH cells do not express estrogen receptor alpha, but feedback is transmitted by neurons that are at least one step back from the GnRH cells. Modulation by season, stress and nutrition are effected by neuronal pathways that converge on the GnRH cells. Kisspeptin and gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) neurons are regulators of GnRH secretion, the former being a major conduit for transmission of sex steroid feedback. GnIH cells project to GnRH cells and may play a role in the seasonal changes in reproductive activity in sheep. GnIH also modulates the action of GnRH at the level of the pituitary gonadotrope. This review focuses on the role that kisspeptin and GnIH neurons play, as modulators that are one step back from GnRH neurons.
AB - The reproductive system is controlled by gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the brain, which is finely modulated by a number of factors including gonadal sex steroids. GnRH cells do not express estrogen receptor alpha, but feedback is transmitted by neurons that are at least one step back from the GnRH cells. Modulation by season, stress and nutrition are effected by neuronal pathways that converge on the GnRH cells. Kisspeptin and gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) neurons are regulators of GnRH secretion, the former being a major conduit for transmission of sex steroid feedback. GnIH cells project to GnRH cells and may play a role in the seasonal changes in reproductive activity in sheep. GnIH also modulates the action of GnRH at the level of the pituitary gonadotrope. This review focuses on the role that kisspeptin and GnIH neurons play, as modulators that are one step back from GnRH neurons.
UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=21216259
U2 - 10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.01.001
DO - 10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.01.001
M3 - Article
VL - 32
SP - 367
EP - 375
JO - Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
JF - Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
SN - 0091-3022
IS - 3
ER -