Computer-Aided Mapping of the β-Adrenoceptor. 1. Explanation for Effect of Para Substitution on Blocking Activity at the β-1-Adrenoceptor

Anomalously low affinities for the β-1-adrenoceptor are seen for members of a series of parasubstituted N-isopropylphenoxypropanolamines in which the substituent is able to conjugate with the aromatic ring. The energy of conjugation was calculated using the AM1 semiempirical molecular orbital method and appears to correlate with the loss of binding energy, and hence affinity for the receptor. This suggests that binding is associated with movement of the substituent out of the plane of the aromatic ring due to steric interference with the receptor. A previously unrecognized binding site for aromatic groups off the para position is also identified.