Collaboratively organized stancetaking in Japanese: Sharing and negotiating stance within the turn constructional unit

Stancetaking is one of the fundamental properties of human interaction (cf. Du Bois and Karkkainen, 2012; Englebretson, 2007b; Goodwin, 2007; Goodwin and Goodwin, 1992, 2004; Jaffe, 2009). It is pervasive, intersubjective, and collaborative, emerging in response to local contingencies in interaction. While a number of studies have investigated stance in English, little has been done in Japanese. Using Conversation Analysis (CA) frameworks, this paper explores how participants in Japanese conversation employ, or exploit, linguistic and multimodal resources to create opportunities for stance negotiation within the formulation of a turn in progress through strategically suspending the progressivity of a turn-constructional unit (TCU) (Sacks et al., 1974; Schegloff, 1996). Rather than treating stance as a static category relating to the speaker, this study views stancetaking as a dynamic, emergent and interactive characteristic of language in social interaction. In this paper stancetaking is conceptualized through the social interactional processes of alignment and affiliation among participants and viewed as an embodied interactive activity.