Abstract
Co-pyrolysis and co-combustion of orange peel, oil palm shell, and empty fruit bunch biomass with and without blends were investigated in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) at 5, 10, 15, and 20 °C/min heating rate. The kinetic parameters were calculated using the model-free and model-fitting methods. Results showed that blending altered the thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) profiles and indicated the existence of multiple reactions. Biomass blends showed a strong synergetic effect, specifically during the char formation. The average activation energy was a function of conversion degree, and the values for the biomass blends were 82–120 kJ/mol compared to their parent biomass (64–111 kJ/mol). The trained artificial neural network model predicted the TG profiles of biomass blends with high R2 values (≥0.9), but the prediction accuracy was relatively poor for DTG profiles (≤0.8). Overall, mixing orange peel waste and oil palm biomass altered the thermo-chemical behavior and kinetics, which could develop a new dimension for future studies.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 399-414 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | Renewable Energy |
Volume | 198 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Oct 2022 |
Keywords
- Biomass
- Blending
- Combustion
- Kinetics
- Orange peel
- Pyrolysis