Challenges for trainee physician–scientists during their PhD candidature: a cross-sectional study

Background: Physician–scientists are important drivers of research, in both knowledge acquisition and research translation. In Australia, many newly qualified physicians and advanced physician trainees enrol in PhD studies, with a view to training as physician–scientists. However, data on perceived challenges and ways to support them are limited. Methods: This single-centre study surveyed trainee physician–scientists undertaking PhD studies within the Monash University Department of Medicine in 2020. Following discussions with PhD students and a qualitative written questionnaire, trainee physician–scientists were invited to complete a quantitative survey that aimed to identify current and future career challenges and determine the type of enrichment and support mechanisms they value most and would most likely use. Results: From 45 eligible participants, 25 responses were received (76% female). Participants identified multiple substantial challenges (median of 6) during their candidature relating to their project, changes in roles and their personal lives. They also envisaged future challenges post-PhD in establishing themselves as an independent investigator, further changes in their identity and their personal lives. Of potential support mechanisms during their candidature, a mentoring program was the most favoured, with an online discussion forum being the least popular. Conclusions: Trainee physician–scientists report multiple challenges during their PhD candidature and envisage significant challenges in establishing their research independence after PhD completion. They valued several potential support mechanisms, particularly a mentoring program. Australian universities and their associated academic health services should consider establishing programs to support trainee physician–scientists.