Care of the adult woman with Turner syndrome

Turner syndrome (TS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality in females, affecting up to 1/2000 live female births. TS is associated with partial or complete loss of the second X-chromosome in phenotypic females and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There are many challenges in providing optimal care for the adult TS women. This review highlights uncertainties that remain in hormone replacement therapy, bone health and cardiovascular optimization and discusses current management recommendations based on the recently published international guidelines and the experience at the TS clinic at Monash Health.