Body mass index and breast cancer survival: A Mendelian randomization analysis

Qi Guo; Stephen Burgess; Constance Turman; Manjeet K. Bolla; Qin Wang; Michael Lush; Jean Abraham; Kristiina Aittomäki; Irene L. Andrulis; Carmel Apicella; Volker Arndt; Myrto Barrdahl; Javier Benitez; Christine D. Berg; Carl Blomqvist; Stig E. Bojesen; Bernardo Bonanni; Judith S. Brand; Hermann Brenner; Annegien Broeks; Barbara Burwinkel; Carlos Caldas; Daniele Campa; Federico Canzian; Jenny Chang-Claude; Stephen J. Chanock; Suet Feung Chin; Fergus J. Couch; Angela Cox; Simon S. Cross; Cezary Cybulski; Kamila Czene; Hatef Darabi; Peter Devilee; W. Ryan Diver; Alison M. Dunning; Helena M. Earl; Diana M. Eccles; Arif B. Ekici; Mikael Eriksson; D. Gareth Evans; Peter A. Fasching; Jonine Figueroa; Dieter Flesch-Janys; Henrik Flyger; Susan M. Gapstur; Mia M. Gaudet; Graham G. Giles; Gord Glendon; Mervi Grip; Jacek Gronwald; Lothar Haeberle; Christopher A. Haiman; Per Hall; Ute Hamann; Susan Hankinson; Jaana M. Hartikainen; Alexander Hein; Louise Hiller; Frans B. Hogervorst; Bernd Holleczek; Maartje J. Hooning; Robert N. Hoover; Keith Humphreys; David J. Hunter; Anika Hüsing; Anna Jakubowska; Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen; Rudolf Kaaks; Maria Kabisch; Vesa Kataja; kConFab/AOCS Investigators; Julia A. Knight; Linetta B. Koppert; Veli Matti Kosma; Vessela N. Kristensen; Diether Lambrechts; Loic Le Marchand; Jingmei Li; Annika Lindblom; Sara Lindström; Jolanta Lissowska; Jan Lubinski; Mitchell J. Machiela; Arto Mannermaa; Siranoush Manoukian; Sara Margolin; Federik Marme; John W.M. Martens; Catriona McLean; Primitiva Menéndez; Roger L. Milne; Anna Marie Mulligan; Taru A. Muranen; Heli Nevanlinna; Patrick Neven; Sune F. Nielsen; Børge G. Nordestgaard; Janet E. Olson; Jose I.A. Perez; Paolo Peterlongo; Kelly Anne Phillips; Christopher J. Poole; Katri Pylkäs; Paolo Radice; Nazneen Rahman; Thomas Rüdiger; Anja Rudolph; Elinor J. Sawyer; Fredrick Schumacher; Petra Seibold; Caroline Seynaeve; Mitul Shah; Ann Smeets; Melissa C. Southey; Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar; Ian Tomlinson; Helen Tsimiklis; Hans Ulrich Ulmer; Celine Vachon; Ans M.W. van den Ouweland; Laura J. Van't Veer; Hans Wildiers; Walter Willett; Robert Winqvist; M. Pilar Zamora; Georgia Chenevix-Trench; Thilo Dörk; Douglas F. Easton; Montserrat García-Closas; Peter Kraft; John L. Hopper; Wei Zheng; Marjanka K. Schmidt; Paul D.P. Pharoah

doi:10.1093/ije/dyx131

Body mass index and breast cancer survival: A Mendelian randomization analysis

Qi Guo, Stephen Burgess, Constance Turman, Manjeet K. Bolla, Qin Wang, Michael Lush, Jean Abraham, Kristiina Aittomäki, Irene L. Andrulis, Carmel Apicella, Volker Arndt, Myrto Barrdahl, Javier Benitez, Christine D. Berg, Carl Blomqvist, Stig E. Bojesen, Bernardo Bonanni, Judith S. Brand, Hermann Brenner, Annegien BroeksBarbara Burwinkel, Carlos Caldas, Daniele Campa, Federico Canzian, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Suet Feung Chin, Fergus J. Couch, Angela Cox, Simon S. Cross, Cezary Cybulski, Kamila Czene, Hatef Darabi, Peter Devilee, W. Ryan Diver, Alison M. Dunning, Helena M. Earl, Diana M. Eccles, Arif B. Ekici, Mikael Eriksson, D. Gareth Evans, Peter A. Fasching, Jonine Figueroa, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Henrik Flyger, Susan M. Gapstur, Mia M. Gaudet, Graham G. Giles, Gord Glendon, Mervi Grip, Jacek Gronwald, Lothar Haeberle, Christopher A. Haiman, Per Hall, Ute Hamann, Susan Hankinson, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Alexander Hein, Louise Hiller, Frans B. Hogervorst, Bernd Holleczek, Maartje J. Hooning, Robert N. Hoover, Keith Humphreys, David J. Hunter, Anika Hüsing, Anna Jakubowska, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Rudolf Kaaks, Maria Kabisch, Vesa Kataja, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, Julia A. Knight, Linetta B. Koppert, Veli Matti Kosma, Vessela N. Kristensen, Diether Lambrechts, Loic Le Marchand, Jingmei Li, Annika Lindblom, Sara Lindström, Jolanta Lissowska, Jan Lubinski, Mitchell J. Machiela, Arto Mannermaa, Siranoush Manoukian, Sara Margolin, Federik Marme, John W.M. Martens, Catriona McLean, Primitiva Menéndez, Roger L. Milne, Anna Marie Mulligan, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Patrick Neven, Sune F. Nielsen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Janet E. Olson, Jose I.A. Perez, Paolo Peterlongo, Kelly Anne Phillips, Christopher J. Poole, Katri Pylkäs, Paolo Radice, Nazneen Rahman, Thomas Rüdiger, Anja Rudolph, Elinor J. Sawyer, Fredrick Schumacher, Petra Seibold, Caroline Seynaeve, Mitul Shah, Ann Smeets, Melissa C. Southey, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Ian Tomlinson, Helen Tsimiklis, Hans Ulrich Ulmer, Celine Vachon, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Laura J. Van't Veer, Hans Wildiers, Walter Willett, Robert Winqvist, M. Pilar Zamora, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Thilo Dörk, Douglas F. Easton, Montserrat García-Closas, Peter Kraft, John L. Hopper, Wei Zheng, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Paul D.P. Pharoah

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Research › peer-review

40 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: There is increasing evidence that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced survival for women with breast cancer. However, the underlying reasons remain unclear. We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate a possible causal role of BMI in survival from breast cancer. Methods: We used individual-level data from six large breast cancer case-cohorts including a total of 36 210 individuals (2475 events) of European ancestry. We created a BMI genetic risk score (GRS) based on genotypes at 94 known BMI-associated genetic variants. Association between the BMI genetic score and breast cancer survival was analysed by Cox regression for each study separately. Study-specific hazard ratios were pooled using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results: BMI genetic score was found to be associated with reduced breast cancer-specific survival for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases [hazard ratio (HR)=1.11, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.22, P=0.03). We observed no association for ER-negative cases (HR=1.00, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% CI 0.89-1.13, P=0.95). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a causal effect of increased BMI on reduced breast cancer survival for ER-positive breast cancer. There is no evidence of a causal effect of higher BMI on survival for ER-negative breast cancer cases.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1891-1902
Number of pages	12
Journal	International Journal of Epidemiology
Volume	46
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyx131
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2017
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Body mass index
Breast cancer survival
Epidemiology
Genetics
Mendelian randomization

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1093/ije/dyx131

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Guo, Q., Burgess, S., Turman, C., Bolla, M. K., Wang, Q., Lush, M., Abraham, J., Aittomäki, K., Andrulis, I. L., Apicella, C., Arndt, V., Barrdahl, M., Benitez, J., Berg, C. D., Blomqvist, C., Bojesen, S. E., Bonanni, B., Brand, J. S., Brenner, H., ... Pharoah, P. D. P. (2017). Body mass index and breast cancer survival: A Mendelian randomization analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology, 46(6), 1891-1902. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyx131

@article{cd5454c934554d1098d70ae6e987cdf7,

title = "Body mass index and breast cancer survival: A Mendelian randomization analysis",

abstract = "Background: There is increasing evidence that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced survival for women with breast cancer. However, the underlying reasons remain unclear. We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate a possible causal role of BMI in survival from breast cancer. Methods: We used individual-level data from six large breast cancer case-cohorts including a total of 36 210 individuals (2475 events) of European ancestry. We created a BMI genetic risk score (GRS) based on genotypes at 94 known BMI-associated genetic variants. Association between the BMI genetic score and breast cancer survival was analysed by Cox regression for each study separately. Study-specific hazard ratios were pooled using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results: BMI genetic score was found to be associated with reduced breast cancer-specific survival for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases [hazard ratio (HR)=1.11, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.22, P=0.03). We observed no association for ER-negative cases (HR=1.00, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% CI 0.89-1.13, P=0.95). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a causal effect of increased BMI on reduced breast cancer survival for ER-positive breast cancer. There is no evidence of a causal effect of higher BMI on survival for ER-negative breast cancer cases.",

keywords = "Body mass index, Breast cancer survival, Epidemiology, Genetics, Mendelian randomization",

author = "Qi Guo and Stephen Burgess and Constance Turman and Bolla, {Manjeet K.} and Qin Wang and Michael Lush and Jean Abraham and Kristiina Aittom{\"a}ki and Andrulis, {Irene L.} and Carmel Apicella and Volker Arndt and Myrto Barrdahl and Javier Benitez and Berg, {Christine D.} and Carl Blomqvist and Bojesen, {Stig E.} and Bernardo Bonanni and Brand, {Judith S.} and Hermann Brenner and Annegien Broeks and Barbara Burwinkel and Carlos Caldas and Daniele Campa and Federico Canzian and Jenny Chang-Claude and Chanock, {Stephen J.} and Chin, {Suet Feung} and Couch, {Fergus J.} and Angela Cox and Cross, {Simon S.} and Cezary Cybulski and Kamila Czene and Hatef Darabi and Peter Devilee and {Ryan Diver}, W. and Dunning, {Alison M.} and Earl, {Helena M.} and Eccles, {Diana M.} and Ekici, {Arif B.} and Mikael Eriksson and Evans, {D. Gareth} and Fasching, {Peter A.} and Jonine Figueroa and Dieter Flesch-Janys and Henrik Flyger and Gapstur, {Susan M.} and Gaudet, {Mia M.} and Giles, {Graham G.} and Gord Glendon and Mervi Grip and Jacek Gronwald and Lothar Haeberle and Haiman, {Christopher A.} and Per Hall and Ute Hamann and Susan Hankinson and Hartikainen, {Jaana M.} and Alexander Hein and Louise Hiller and Hogervorst, {Frans B.} and Bernd Holleczek and Hooning, {Maartje J.} and Hoover, {Robert N.} and Keith Humphreys and Hunter, {David J.} and Anika H{\"u}sing and Anna Jakubowska and Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen and Rudolf Kaaks and Maria Kabisch and Vesa Kataja and {kConFab/AOCS Investigators} and Knight, {Julia A.} and Koppert, {Linetta B.} and Kosma, {Veli Matti} and Kristensen, {Vessela N.} and Diether Lambrechts and {Le Marchand}, Loic and Jingmei Li and Annika Lindblom and Sara Lindstr{\"o}m and Jolanta Lissowska and Jan Lubinski and Machiela, {Mitchell J.} and Arto Mannermaa and Siranoush Manoukian and Sara Margolin and Federik Marme and Martens, {John W.M.} and Catriona McLean and Primitiva Men{\'e}ndez and Milne, {Roger L.} and Mulligan, {Anna Marie} and Muranen, {Taru A.} and Heli Nevanlinna and Patrick Neven and Nielsen, {Sune F.} and Nordestgaard, {B{\o}rge G.} and Olson, {Janet E.} and Perez, {Jose I.A.} and Paolo Peterlongo and Phillips, {Kelly Anne} and Poole, {Christopher J.} and Katri Pylk{\"a}s and Paolo Radice and Nazneen Rahman and Thomas R{\"u}diger and Anja Rudolph and Sawyer, {Elinor J.} and Fredrick Schumacher and Petra Seibold and Caroline Seynaeve and Mitul Shah and Ann Smeets and Southey, {Melissa C.} and Tollenaar, {Rob A.E.M.} and Ian Tomlinson and Helen Tsimiklis and Ulmer, {Hans Ulrich} and Celine Vachon and {van den Ouweland}, {Ans M.W.} and {Van't Veer}, {Laura J.} and Hans Wildiers and Walter Willett and Robert Winqvist and Zamora, {M. Pilar} and Georgia Chenevix-Trench and Thilo D{\"o}rk and Easton, {Douglas F.} and Montserrat Garc{\'i}a-Closas and Peter Kraft and Hopper, {John L.} and Wei Zheng and Schmidt, {Marjanka K.} and Pharoah, {Paul D.P.}",

year = "2017",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/ije/dyx131",

language = "English",

volume = "46",

pages = "1891--1902",

journal = "International Journal of Epidemiology",

issn = "0300-5771",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "6",

}

Guo, Q, Burgess, S, Turman, C, Bolla, MK, Wang, Q, Lush, M, Abraham, J, Aittomäki, K, Andrulis, IL, Apicella, C, Arndt, V, Barrdahl, M, Benitez, J, Berg, CD, Blomqvist, C, Bojesen, SE, Bonanni, B, Brand, JS, Brenner, H, Broeks, A, Burwinkel, B, Caldas, C, Campa, D, Canzian, F, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chin, SF, Couch, FJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Cybulski, C, Czene, K, Darabi, H, Devilee, P, Ryan Diver, W, Dunning, AM, Earl, HM, Eccles, DM, Ekici, AB, Eriksson, M, Evans, DG, Fasching, PA, Figueroa, J, Flesch-Janys, D, Flyger, H, Gapstur, SM, Gaudet, MM, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Grip, M, Gronwald, J, Haeberle, L, Haiman, CA, Hall, P, Hamann, U, Hankinson, S, Hartikainen, JM, Hein, A, Hiller, L, Hogervorst, FB, Holleczek, B, Hooning, MJ, Hoover, RN, Humphreys, K, Hunter, DJ, Hüsing, A, Jakubowska, A, Jukkola-Vuorinen, A, Kaaks, R, Kabisch, M, Kataja, V, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, Knight, JA, Koppert, LB, Kosma, VM, Kristensen, VN, Lambrechts, D, Le Marchand, L, Li, J, Lindblom, A, Lindström, S, Lissowska, J, Lubinski, J, Machiela, MJ, Mannermaa, A, Manoukian, S, Margolin, S, Marme, F, Martens, JWM, McLean, C, Menéndez, P, Milne, RL, Mulligan, AM, Muranen, TA, Nevanlinna, H, Neven, P, Nielsen, SF, Nordestgaard, BG, Olson, JE, Perez, JIA, Peterlongo, P, Phillips, KA, Poole, CJ, Pylkäs, K, Radice, P, Rahman, N, Rüdiger, T, Rudolph, A, Sawyer, EJ, Schumacher, F, Seibold, P, Seynaeve, C, Shah, M, Smeets, A, Southey, MC, Tollenaar, RAEM, Tomlinson, I, Tsimiklis, H, Ulmer, HU, Vachon, C, van den Ouweland, AMW, Van't Veer, LJ, Wildiers, H, Willett, W, Winqvist, R, Zamora, MP, Chenevix-Trench, G, Dörk, T, Easton, DF, García-Closas, M, Kraft, P, Hopper, JL, Zheng, W, Schmidt, MK & Pharoah, PDP 2017, 'Body mass index and breast cancer survival: A Mendelian randomization analysis', International Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1891-1902. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyx131

TY - JOUR

T1 - Body mass index and breast cancer survival

T2 - A Mendelian randomization analysis

AU - Guo, Qi

AU - Burgess, Stephen

AU - Turman, Constance

AU - Bolla, Manjeet K.

AU - Wang, Qin

AU - Lush, Michael

AU - Abraham, Jean

AU - Aittomäki, Kristiina

AU - Andrulis, Irene L.

AU - Apicella, Carmel

AU - Arndt, Volker

AU - Barrdahl, Myrto

AU - Benitez, Javier

AU - Berg, Christine D.

AU - Blomqvist, Carl

AU - Bojesen, Stig E.

AU - Bonanni, Bernardo

AU - Brand, Judith S.

AU - Brenner, Hermann

AU - Broeks, Annegien

AU - Burwinkel, Barbara

AU - Caldas, Carlos

AU - Campa, Daniele

AU - Canzian, Federico

AU - Chang-Claude, Jenny

AU - Chanock, Stephen J.

AU - Chin, Suet Feung

AU - Couch, Fergus J.

AU - Cox, Angela

AU - Cross, Simon S.

AU - Cybulski, Cezary

AU - Czene, Kamila

AU - Darabi, Hatef

AU - Devilee, Peter

AU - Ryan Diver, W.

AU - Dunning, Alison M.

AU - Earl, Helena M.

AU - Eccles, Diana M.

AU - Ekici, Arif B.

AU - Eriksson, Mikael

AU - Evans, D. Gareth

AU - Fasching, Peter A.

AU - Figueroa, Jonine

AU - Flesch-Janys, Dieter

AU - Flyger, Henrik

AU - Gapstur, Susan M.

AU - Gaudet, Mia M.

AU - Giles, Graham G.

AU - Glendon, Gord

AU - Grip, Mervi

AU - Gronwald, Jacek

AU - Haeberle, Lothar

AU - Haiman, Christopher A.

AU - Hall, Per

AU - Hamann, Ute

AU - Hankinson, Susan

AU - Hartikainen, Jaana M.

AU - Hein, Alexander

AU - Hiller, Louise

AU - Hogervorst, Frans B.

AU - Holleczek, Bernd

AU - Hooning, Maartje J.

AU - Hoover, Robert N.

AU - Humphreys, Keith

AU - Hunter, David J.

AU - Hüsing, Anika

AU - Jakubowska, Anna

AU - Jukkola-Vuorinen, Arja

AU - Kaaks, Rudolf

AU - Kabisch, Maria

AU - Kataja, Vesa

AU - kConFab/AOCS Investigators

AU - Knight, Julia A.

AU - Koppert, Linetta B.

AU - Kosma, Veli Matti

AU - Kristensen, Vessela N.

AU - Lambrechts, Diether

AU - Le Marchand, Loic

AU - Li, Jingmei

AU - Lindblom, Annika

AU - Lindström, Sara

AU - Lissowska, Jolanta

AU - Lubinski, Jan

AU - Machiela, Mitchell J.

AU - Mannermaa, Arto

AU - Manoukian, Siranoush

AU - Margolin, Sara

AU - Marme, Federik

AU - Martens, John W.M.

AU - McLean, Catriona

AU - Menéndez, Primitiva

AU - Milne, Roger L.

AU - Mulligan, Anna Marie

AU - Muranen, Taru A.

AU - Nevanlinna, Heli

AU - Neven, Patrick

AU - Nielsen, Sune F.

AU - Nordestgaard, Børge G.

AU - Olson, Janet E.

AU - Perez, Jose I.A.

AU - Peterlongo, Paolo

AU - Phillips, Kelly Anne

AU - Poole, Christopher J.

AU - Pylkäs, Katri

AU - Radice, Paolo

AU - Rahman, Nazneen

AU - Rüdiger, Thomas

AU - Rudolph, Anja

AU - Sawyer, Elinor J.

AU - Schumacher, Fredrick

AU - Seibold, Petra

AU - Seynaeve, Caroline

AU - Shah, Mitul

AU - Smeets, Ann

AU - Southey, Melissa C.

AU - Tollenaar, Rob A.E.M.

AU - Tomlinson, Ian

AU - Tsimiklis, Helen

AU - Ulmer, Hans Ulrich

AU - Vachon, Celine

AU - van den Ouweland, Ans M.W.

AU - Van't Veer, Laura J.

AU - Wildiers, Hans

AU - Willett, Walter

AU - Winqvist, Robert

AU - Zamora, M. Pilar

AU - Chenevix-Trench, Georgia

AU - Dörk, Thilo

AU - Easton, Douglas F.

AU - García-Closas, Montserrat

AU - Kraft, Peter

AU - Hopper, John L.

AU - Zheng, Wei

AU - Schmidt, Marjanka K.

AU - Pharoah, Paul D.P.

PY - 2017/12/1

Y1 - 2017/12/1

N2 - Background: There is increasing evidence that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced survival for women with breast cancer. However, the underlying reasons remain unclear. We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate a possible causal role of BMI in survival from breast cancer. Methods: We used individual-level data from six large breast cancer case-cohorts including a total of 36 210 individuals (2475 events) of European ancestry. We created a BMI genetic risk score (GRS) based on genotypes at 94 known BMI-associated genetic variants. Association between the BMI genetic score and breast cancer survival was analysed by Cox regression for each study separately. Study-specific hazard ratios were pooled using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results: BMI genetic score was found to be associated with reduced breast cancer-specific survival for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases [hazard ratio (HR)=1.11, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.22, P=0.03). We observed no association for ER-negative cases (HR=1.00, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% CI 0.89-1.13, P=0.95). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a causal effect of increased BMI on reduced breast cancer survival for ER-positive breast cancer. There is no evidence of a causal effect of higher BMI on survival for ER-negative breast cancer cases.

AB - Background: There is increasing evidence that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced survival for women with breast cancer. However, the underlying reasons remain unclear. We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate a possible causal role of BMI in survival from breast cancer. Methods: We used individual-level data from six large breast cancer case-cohorts including a total of 36 210 individuals (2475 events) of European ancestry. We created a BMI genetic risk score (GRS) based on genotypes at 94 known BMI-associated genetic variants. Association between the BMI genetic score and breast cancer survival was analysed by Cox regression for each study separately. Study-specific hazard ratios were pooled using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results: BMI genetic score was found to be associated with reduced breast cancer-specific survival for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases [hazard ratio (HR)=1.11, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.22, P=0.03). We observed no association for ER-negative cases (HR=1.00, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% CI 0.89-1.13, P=0.95). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a causal effect of increased BMI on reduced breast cancer survival for ER-positive breast cancer. There is no evidence of a causal effect of higher BMI on survival for ER-negative breast cancer cases.

KW - Body mass index

KW - Breast cancer survival

KW - Epidemiology

KW - Genetics

KW - Mendelian randomization

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85039549212&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/ije/dyx131

DO - 10.1093/ije/dyx131

M3 - Article

C2 - 29232439

AN - SCOPUS:85039549212

SN - 0300-5771

VL - 46

SP - 1891

EP - 1902

JO - International Journal of Epidemiology

JF - International Journal of Epidemiology

IS - 6

ER -

Body mass index and breast cancer survival: A Mendelian randomization analysis

Abstract

Keywords

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