@article{c7fe54223cbb4dbe909af2f01dd4f433,
title = "Biomarker Development in Cardiology: Reviewing the Past to Inform the Future",
abstract = "Cardiac biomarkers have become pivotal to the clinical practice of cardiology, but there remains much to discover that could benefit cardiology patients. We review the discovery of key protein biomarkers in the fields of acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and atherosclerosis, giving an overview of the populations they were studied in and the statistics that were used to validate them. We review statistical approaches that are currently in use to assess new biomarkers and overview a framework for biomarker discovery and evaluation that could be incorporated into clinical trials to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes in the future.",
keywords = "Acute coronary syndrome, Atherosclerosis, Biomarker development, Cardiology, Heart failure, Statistical development",
author = "Kott, {Katharine A.} and Michael Bishop and Yang, {Christina H.J.} and Plasto, {Toby M.} and Cheng, {Daniel C.} and Kaplan, {Adam I.} and Louise Cullen and Celermajer, {David S.} and Meikle, {Peter J.} and Vernon, {Stephen T.} and Figtree, {Gemma A.}",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: The authors report the following financial support for the research, authorship, or publication of this article: K.A.K. is supported by an Australian Commonwealth Government Research Training Program Stipend Scholarship; S.T.V. is supported by a University of Sydney Postgraduate Research Scholarship funded by Heart Research Australia; G.A.F. is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Practitioner Fellowship (grant number APP11359290), Heart Research Australia, and the New South Wales Office of Health and Medical Research and NSW Pathology (NSW Statewide Biobank). Funding Information: Conflicts of Interest: G.F. reports personal consulting fees from CSL and grants from Abbott Diagnostic outside the submitted work. In addition, G.F. has a patent in biomarkers and oxidative stress awarded May 2017 in USA (US9638699B2), which was issued to the Northern Sydney Local Health District. L.C. reports consulting fees from Abbott Diagnostics, Siemens Healthineers, Glycardia, and Beckman Coulter, as well as institutional research grants from Abbott Diagnostics, Siemens, and Beckman Coulter outside the submitted work. The other authors have no disclosures. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",
year = "2022",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.3390/cells11030588",
language = "English",
volume = "11",
journal = "Cells",
issn = "2073-4409",
publisher = "MDPI AG",
number = "3",
}