@article{ec272813564c4c0cb5aad72739cf2d43,
title = "Back-contact perovskite solar cell fabrication via microsphere lithography",
abstract = "Back-contact electrodes for hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) eliminate the parasitic absorption losses caused by the transparent conductive electrodes that are inherent to conventional sandwich-architecture devices. However, the fabrication methods for these unconventional architectures rely heavily on expensive photolithography, which limits scalability. Herein, we present an alternative cost-effective microfabrication technique in which the conventional photolithography process is replaced by microsphere lithography in which a close-packed polystyrene microsphere monolayer acts as the patterning mask for the honeycomb-shaped electrodes. A comprehensive comparison between photolithography and microsphere lithography fabrication techniques was conducted. Using microsphere lithography, we achieve highly efficient devices having a stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.6%, twice the reported value using photolithography. Microsphere lithography also enabled the fabrication of the largest back-contact PSC to date, having an active area of 0.75 cm2 and a stabilized PCE of 2.44%.",
keywords = "Back-contact electrodes, Charge transport distance, Honeycomb-shaped, Microsphere lithography, Perovskite solar cells, Scalability",
author = "Siqi Deng and Boer Tan and Chesman, {Anthony S.R.} and Jianfeng Lu and McMeekin, {David P.} and Qingdong Ou and Scully, {Andrew D.} and Raga, {Sonia R.} and Rietwyk, {Kevin J.} and Anton Weissbach and Boya Zhao and Voelcker, {Nicolas H.} and Cheng, {Yi Bing} and Xiongfeng Lin and Udo Bach",
note = "Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the Australian Government through the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP) and the Australian Research Council (ARC, DE220100154). This work was performed in part at the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication (MCN) in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy (MCEM). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Flexible Electronics Laboratory (FEL) at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton site. S.R.R. acknowledges the support from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434). Fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI20/11760024. The authors acknowledge Dr. Rowena Yew for the assistance in part of the UV–visible spectroscopy measurements. Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the Australian Government through the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP) and the Australian Research Council (ARC, DE220100154). This work was performed in part at the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication (MCN) in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy (MCEM). The authors acknowledge use of facilities within the Flexible Electronics Laboratory (FEL) at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton site. S.R.R. acknowledges the support from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434). Fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI20/11760024. The authors acknowledge Dr. Rowena Yew for the assistance in part of the UV–visible spectroscopy measurements. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2022",
month = nov,
doi = "10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107695",
language = "English",
volume = "102",
journal = "Nano Energy",
issn = "2211-2855",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}
