Associations of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Physical Performance and Bone Health in Overweight and Obese Older Adults

Melissa Dang, Cat Shore-Lorenti, Lachlan B. McMillan, Jakub Mesinovic, Alan Hayes, Peter R. Ebeling, David Scott

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Abstract

Low vitamin D status commonly accompanies obesity, and both vitamin D deficiency and obesity have been associated with falls and fracture risk in older adults. We aimed to determine the associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations with physical performance and bone health in community-dwelling, overweight and obese older men and women. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in 84 participants with body mass index ≥25 kg/m² (mean ± SD age 62.4 ± 7.9 years; 55% women). Physical function was determined by short physical performance battery, hand grip and quadriceps strength, and stair climb power tests. Body composition and bone structure were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography, respectively. Mean ± SD 25(OH)D was 49.6 ± 17.7 nmol/L, and 50% of participants had low 25(OH)D (<50 nmol/L) levels. 25(OH)D concentrations were positively associated with quadricep strength and stair climb power in women (B = 0.15; 95% CI 0.02⁻0.27 kg and B = 1.07; 95% CI 0.12⁻2.03 W, respectively) but not in men. There were no associations between 25(OH)D and bone parameters in either sex after multivariable adjustment (all p > 0.05). Lower 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with poorer quadricep strength and muscle power in overweight and obese older women but not men.

Original languageEnglish
Number of pages12
JournalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Volume16
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 12 Feb 2019

Keywords

  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D
  • ageing
  • bone
  • muscle strength
  • obesity
  • physical function

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