Projects per year
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome resides in the mitochondrion of nearly all mammalian cells. It is important for energy production as it encodes 13 of the key subunits of the electron transfer chain, which generates the vast majority of cellular ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. As cells establish pluripotency, they regulate their mtDNA copy number so that they possess few copies but sufficient that they can be replicated to match the differentiated cell-specific requirements for ATP derived through oxidative phosphorylation. However, the failure to strictly regulate this process prevents pluripotent cells from differentiating. We describe a series of protocols that analyze mtDNA copy number, DNA methylation within the nuclear-encoded mtDNA-specific polymerase, and gene expression of the other factors that drive replication of the mitochondrial genome. We demonstrate how to measure ATP-generating capacity through oxygen respiratory capacity and total cellular ATP and lactate levels. Finally, we also describe how to detect mtDNA variants in pluripotent and differentiating cells using next-generation sequencing protocols and how the variants can be confirmed by high-resolution melt analysis.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells |
Subtitle of host publication | Methods and Protocols |
Editors | Kursad Turksen, Andras Nagy |
Place of Publication | New York NY USA |
Publisher | Humana Press |
Pages | 231-267 |
Number of pages | 37 |
ISBN (Print) | 9781493930548, 9781493930555 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2016 |
Publication series
Name | Methods in Molecular Biology |
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Volume | 1357 |
ISSN (Print) | 10643745 |
Keywords
- ATP
- Differentiation
- Mitochondrial DNA
- Next-generation sequencing
- Oxygen consumption
- Pluripotent cells
- Transcription and replication
- Variants
Projects
- 2 Finished
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Understanding mitochondrial DNA segregation and transmission.
St John, J. (Primary Chief Investigator (PCI)) & Trounce, I. A. (Chief Investigator (CI))
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (Australia)
1/01/13 → 31/12/15
Project: Research
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Understanding the pathogenesis of mitochondrial disease using iPS cells
St John, J. (Primary Chief Investigator (PCI)), Frazier, A. E. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Nisbett, D. R. (Chief Investigator (CI)), Thorburn, D. R. (Chief Investigator (CI)) & White, S. (Chief Investigator (CI))
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (Australia)
1/01/12 → 31/12/14
Project: Research