A study on growth and pyrolysis characteristics of microalgae using thermogravimetric analysis-infrared spectroscopy and synchrotron fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

This two-part study firstly investigated Tetraselmis suecica grown in different CO₂ (0.04–15% v/v) concentration through indoor and outdoor cultivation systems. A high CO₂ concentration led to a high lipid content, and low nitrogen and oxygen content, which are desirable for transport fuel production. Pyrolysis characteristics were investigated by TG-IR and synchrotron IR microscopy. The results show Tetraselmis suecica grown in 10% CO₂ had the highest decomposition rate corresponding to more volatile products produced during the main thermal cracking stage and derived from protein-and lipid-corresponding functional groups. Moreover, a high reaction temperature and CO₂ concentration resulted in a low retention of surface functional groups. The nitrogen functional groups initially decomposed at a temperature range of 250–300 °C and still remained at 550 °C, while the lipid-corresponding functional groups completely disappeared at a temperature range of 400–500 °C. Besides, the decomposition of chemical components followed the order of carbohydrate, protein and lipid.