A review of the surgical strategies for the management of gallbladder carcinoma based on T stage and growth type of the tumour

Aims: Surgery for gallbladder carcinoma is a technically challenging exercise. The extent of resection varies based on a number of factors, and controversy exists regarding what constitutes an acceptable resection. A review of current recommendations and practice was undertaken. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed, searching Medline for articles published since 2000, using the MeSH heading of 'gallbladder cancer' and 'surgery'. Abstracts were reviewed and articles retrieved if the main focus of the article centred on the surgical management of gallbladder carcinoma. Observations: The extent of hepatic resection and lymph node dissection required varies in particular with T stage. Growth pattern and anatomical location of the tumour within the gallbladder also influence surgical management. Conclusions: Discrepancy exists between the Eastern and Western literature in terms of what constitutes an acceptable limit of resection, and these issues are discussed.