A framework of lift virtual prototyping (LVP) approach for crane safety planning

Many crane accidents occur due to a lack of understanding of potential constraints present on lift sites, especially the spatial conflicts with inadequate clearance to surrounding obstructions. Even the most thorough lift plans can be compromised by changes in lift sites such as a newly-erected frame in the crane workspace or a sudden presence of another equipment. Therefore, it is critical for the lift crew (i.e., planner, rigger, signalman, operator) to be aware of the condition and potential constraints in the as-is lift settings prior to conducting the actual lift job. This study proposes a framework of Lift Virtual Prototyping (LVP) approach to assist quick lift planning based on actual site settings. This is achieved by rapid modeling, simulating, and analyzing crane lifting operation by reconstructing as-is site conditions and incorporating the characteristics of individual operator. The proposed LVP approach was implemented in a case study and the results showed that the LVP approach is effective in familiarizing the lift crew with potential constraints existing in the lift site and improving the operator's confidence in conducting the lift job safely and efficiently. Implementing this approach in daily lifting operations will facilitate the recognition of operation constraints that are difficult to be identified in the planning phase, and thus advance the crane operational safety and efficiency.