Australian governments have invested in programs to promote respect for religious diversity and to counter violent extremism, yet there is no coherent, evidence-based understanding of young Australians' perspectives on religions and non-religious worldviews. It is anticipated that systematically eliciting diverse young people's understandings about religion and belief can enhance and inform debate about how education assists or impedes intercultural understanding as well as enhancing wellbeing and social inclusion. Knowing more about young people's perspectives and what influences them can facilitate development of appropriate educational responses equipping schools to help young Australians to live productively in their diverse society.