In Australia there are major health status inequalities. Obesity, with its increasing prevalence, associated health risks and social patterning is likely to increase these health inequalities. However, there has been little analysis of the health implications of the unequal distribution of obesity, nor of the extent to which socio-economic inequalities in obesity may widen. In general there is also little understanding of the drivers of social inequalities in obesity and of the potential effect of obesity prevention and management strategies on this health divide. This research will provide support to obesity prevention and management policies more likely to decrease socio-economic inequalities in health.