Evidence suggests that educational underachievement is on the rise in Australia, particularly in the areas of literacy and numeracy in secondary school students. Underachievement in these areas hinders students’ potential to learn and succeed at school and places them at risk of educational failure. Accordingly, Monash will undertake a research project for the Australian Educational Research Organisation (AERO) and review the evidence on the provision of academic support for students in years 7-9 who are the furthest behind in literacy and numeracy. The project will involve a systematic review of high-quality studies and synthesise the findings on: effective models to guide the delivery of intensive support to struggling students; efficient approaches to identifying those students who are the furthest behind; evidence-based interventions in literacy and numeracy; effective processes for monitoring student progress; resources and supports for implementing appropriate support with fidelity. The project will generate evidence that can be used by AERO to inform guidance for secondary schools and address these identified gaps in knowledge and practice.