This project will investigate the fundamentals governing the complex gas-powder-liquid-solid flow and thermochemical processes in an ironmaking blast furnace by a combined theoretical and experimental program. It focuses on the generation and in particular, transport phenomena of liquid iron and slag within and below the cohesive zone in the furnace and aims to develop, based on the parallel studies at different blast furnace under different conditions. It will provide a basis for developing better control strategies and extending furnace campaign life, leading to the improved competitiveness of the Australia's steel industry.