There is now incontrovertible evidence that people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are over-represented in the criminal justice system. This innovative project will be the first long-term follow-up of intellectually disabled clients over a period that has witnessed dramatic changes to the health and criminal justice systems and to the care and treatment of the vulnerable in our community. Results will, for the first time, provide a clear picture of whether and to what extent people with ID have been disadvantaged by these wide reaching social changes; thus contributing to improved outcomes at individual, local, national and international levels.