We will build on our recent successful approaches for characterizing vegetation condition at very large scales (bioregions and larger) by relating variation in condition to biodiversity responses, measured as bird breeding success using a recently developed consensus technique. We will adapt the methodology to other ecosystems within Australia and in the United States. These approaches should give us two capabilities: (1) much more rapid evaluations of both habitat condition and biodiversity responses, which currently are much too slow; and (2) tools by which we can project how both aspects may respond as a function of natural and human-generated change.