Toby has a background in psychology, with a Bachelor of Behavioural Science (Hons) from La Trobe University in 1999 followed by a PhD in neuropsychology from Cambridge University in 2005. On returning to Melbourne, he worked as a Research Fellow at the Florey Institute, investigating stroke rehabilitation, vascular contributions to dementia, and physical activity. In 2019, after 12 years at the Florey and driven by a desire to do more in the fight against climate change, Toby took a role in the Victorian State Government at Sustainability Victoria. He was responsible for completing the Victorian Healthy Homes Program in 2022, a ground-breaking randomised controlled trial that quantified the health benefits of residential energy efficiency upgrades over the winter period. After more than 2 years initiating and leading an in-house evaluation function at Sustainability Victoria, in 2025 Toby moved to Monash University as a Research Fellow in the Climate and Health Initiative.